Objective:  A randomized control study to compare the effectiveness and the safety of very low dose oral contraceptive (OC) with progestin for the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia.Methods:  Ten patients with non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia who did not have contraindications for OC  were randomized to receive either OC (Mercilon®) or progestin (Medroxy progesterone acetate: MPA) for 6 months at the Gynecologic Endocrinology Unit, Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital.  Their main measured outcomes were endometrial histopathology and adverse events.Results:  Sixty percent (3 of 5) of the progestin group and 80% (4 of 5) of the OC group completed the 6-month therapy.  All of them had normal endometrium by the end of the 6th cycle of treatment.  Two cases in the progestin group and one case in the OC group withdrew from the study by the end of 1st cycle of treatment.  No serious adverse event was detected during the study period.Conclusion:  OC may be as effective and safe as progestin for the treatment of non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia